Editorial Book

Book Title: Advances in Plant Biotechnology (Volume 2)

PAID ACCESS | Published on : 24-Oct-2026 | Pages: 46-68 | Doi : https://doi.org/10.37446/vol2book032026/46-68

Plant Tissue Culture and Micropropagation: Principles, Applications, and Recent Advances

• Ranjith Kumar Sahu
• PhD Scholar, Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya (JNKVV), Jabalpur–482004, Madhya Pradesh, India.


• Abhishek Garhwal
• PhD Scholar, Department of Entomology, Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya (JNKVV), Jabalpur–482004, Madhya Pradesh, India.


• Gaurav Rathore
• Senior Research Fellow (SRF), Biotechnology Centre, Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya (JNKVV), Jabalpur–482004, Madhya Pradesh, India.


• Pramod Kumar
• Senior Research Fellow (SRF), Biotechnology Centre, Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya (JNKVV), Jabalpur–482004, Madhya Pradesh, India.


• Shashank Bhargava
• Biotechnology Centre, Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya (JNKVV), Jabalpur–482004, Madhya Pradesh, India.


• Nishi Mishra
• Research Associate, Biotechnology Centre, Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya (JNKVV), Jabalpur–482004, Madhya Pradesh, India.


• Manoj Kumar Tripathi
• Biotechnology Centre, Rajmata Vijayaraje Scindia Agricultural University (RVSKVV), Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh, India.

Abstract

Plant tissue culture has become one of the most significant tools in modern plant biotechnology, enabling rapid propagation, genetic improvement, conservation, and the sustainable use of plant genetic resources. Based on the principle of cellular totipotency, the technique enables the growth and regeneration of whole plants from isolated cells, tissues, or organs under aseptic, controlled conditions. This chapter traces the field's historical development from Haberlandt’s (1902) original hypothesis of totipotency to the establishment of standardized media and regeneration systems. It reviews the scientific principles, laboratory infrastructure, culture media, major tissue culture techniques, and the commercial applications of micropropagation across horticultural, agricultural,  forestry, and medicinal crops. It further examines somatic embryogenesis, organogenesis, and plant regeneration protocols, together with recent technological advances in temporary immersion bioreactors, synthetic seed technology, genome editing, and automation, together with morphogenic regulators and tissue-culture-independent transformation that are beginning to reduce dependence on conventional regeneration, before discussing the principal challenges that continue to constrain the field and the prospects for its future development.

Keywords

Cellular totipotency, Cryopreservation, Genetic transformation, Micropropagation, Organogenesis, Somatic embryogenesis

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