Renal system provides students with essential knowledge about how the kidneys regulate fluid and electrolyte balance, and to eliminate wastes from the body. For first-year MBBS students, renal system often presents challenges, particularly when it comes to performing the necessary calculations that explain kidney function. Renal Metrics in Physiology is designed to help first-year MBBS students confidently navigate calculations in renal system.
This textbook is structured to provide clear explanations of core renal concepts, such as glomerular filtration rate (GFR), renal clearance, and osmolarity. This book includes 25 questions with detailed step-by-step calculations that guide students through each concept. By working through these questions, students will be able to apply the calculations they have learned and deepen their knowledge on key renal physiology principles.
The inspiration for this textbook comes from years of teaching first-year MBBS students, many of whom found the calculations in renal system challenging. We believe that providing a clear, structured approach to calculations will ease the learning process and foster confidence in tackling complex concepts.
We would like to express our gratitude to colleagues, whose feedback has been instrumental in shaping this book.
It is our hope that this textbook will serve as a comprehensive learning tool for first-year MBBS students, enabling them to build a solid foundation in renal physiology and develop the critical thinking skills required for their future medical career.
Dr. Rekha Prabhu, MBBS., MD(Physiology)
Department of Physiology, FOM
Manipal University College, Malaysia.
Dr. Girish Prabhu, MBBS., MD(Biochemistry)
Department of Biochemistry, FOM
Manipal University College, Malaysia.
Renal Metrics, Physiology, Questions and Answers, MBBS Students
