Indigenous knowledge (IK) has been shown to enhance soil health, promote biodiversity, and boost ecological resilience, significantly contributing to the development of sustainable agricultural methods. This chapter explores the connection between organic farming methods and traditional agricultural knowledge, emphasizing how these two aspects can be combined. Modern organic farming adheres to established guidelines that ban synthetic materials and prioritize ecological sustainability, while farming based on IK utilizes locally adapted and holistic practices that have been handed down through generations. Essential indigenous techniques, such as composting, companion planting, biological pest management, and water conservation, are closely aligned with the principles of organic farming, offering effective strategies for enhancing food security and environmental sustainability. Through various case studies from different regions, this chapter demonstrates successful examples of traditional agricultural knowledge being incorporated into organic farming systems. Nevertheless, the integration of IK faces several challenges, including marginalization, insufficient scientific endorsement, and policy obstacles. Overcoming these challenges through research, supportive policies, and farmer-led initiatives can help establish a more resilient and sustainable agricultural system. This chapter promotes the acknowledgment and integration of indigenous farming practices within organic agriculture to strengthen biodiversity conservation, climate adaptability, and food independence.
Indigenous knowledge (IK), Organic farming, Sustainable agriculture, Agroecology, Biodiversity
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